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The Encyclopedia of the Art of Photography

    Classroom Portraits

    • Julian Germain (1962)

    An international typological record of classrooms and their pupils, presented through detailed large-format group portraiture.

    Description

    Classroom Portraits by Julian Germain, made from 2004 to 2015 in British and international schools, portrays children and adolescents within the classrooms where they study. The series began with a 2004 commission to photograph six schools in northeast England, after Germain accompanied his daughter on her first day of school. From 2005, travel and further commissions expanded the archive to more than 450 portraits across over 20 countries.


    By replacing the standardized backdrop of the traditional class photograph with the everyday classroom, Germain examines education as both a shared structure and a locally specific experience. Differences emerge through resources, clothing, religion, politics, popular culture, and classroom organization. The project also addresses memory and growing up, presenting school as a formative environment while directing attention toward the pupils' future adulthood. Teachers remain outside the frame, yet adult authority persists in curricula, buildings, books, furniture, and uniforms.


    This interplay of common structure and local detail organizes the visual language. In color photographs, rows or clusters of pupils face the camera from their ordinary seats while desks, boards, notices, written work, displays, and institutional furnishings remain visible. The framing is frontal, with the camera occupying the teacher's usual position at or just above pupil eye level. Expressions and gestures vary, but Germain prescribes no particular mood.


    Germain entered classrooms during lessons and prepared a large-format camera and added lighting while teaching continued. Near the lesson's end, he adjusted positions only when one pupil obscured another. Exposures of roughly one-quarter to one-half second produced substantial depth of field and required collective stillness. The project moved from film to digital capture and later incorporated classroom films, individual video portraits, and questionnaire-based infographics about pupils' tastes and aspirations.


    Arts Council England issued a 15-portrait portfolio in 2005. A British Council-supported exhibition opened at the National Museum in Sana'a in 2007 and subsequently toured. The 2012 Prestel book Classroom Portraits 2004-2012 accompanied The Future is Ours at the Nederlands Fotomuseum in Rotterdam, followed by presentations in Paris, Frankfurt, Madrid, and other cities. Towner Art Gallery surveyed the work through 2015 in an expanded installation. In 2023, the Nederlands Fotomuseum acquired 19 prints and four films. The book appeared among Popular Photography/American Photo's 2012 Books of the Year, and education research has since used the photographs to prompt reflection on school systems and cultural difference.

    Behind the work

    Germain usually stayed for an entire lesson, introducing the project while teaching continued and setting up his camera and lights before stopping the class roughly fifteen minutes from the end to make the portrait.

    The exposures lasted about one-quarter to one-half second, so every pupil had to remain still. Germain found the process especially difficult with three- and four-year-olds. On film he normally made only two to four exposures. After switching to digital he made around ten, the limit of how long pupils could sustain their concentration.

    Access varied sharply by country: Cuba required senior Ministry of Education approval and prohibited questionnaires, some Middle Eastern restrictions prevented Germain from photographing girls, and a Japanese headteacher worried that a parent had not been contacted.

    Germain returned completed photographs to the schools by email or post; on some occasions, he sent enough copies for every child to have one.

    Germain chose not to photograph private schools because he considered their pupil populations too socially homogeneous, preferring schools where children from different religious, physical, and social circumstances mixed.

    Quotes by the photographer

    "Schools are instantly recognisable institutions wherever you are in the world… We all went to school. It’s an experience we share that evokes all kinds of feelings and memories, and of course it’s not just about education but about growing up."

    "Considering the importance of school, it seemed strange to me that the subject was so rarely dealt with as a theme in visual art. Accordingly, I began making these large format portraits of classes of schoolchildren in their classrooms."

    "There is not a message. I am not making judgements. I am a photographic artist making detailed photographic documents."

    Tags and context
    genre
    Portrait ,Documentary ,Conceptual
    theme
    Education ,Children ,Youth ,Global Perspective ,Interiors ,Cultural Identity ,Everyday Life ,Collective Memory ,Inequality
    technique
    Frontal Composition ,Deep Focus ,Long Exposure ,Detailed Focus ,Environmental Framing ,Collaborative Portraiture ,Studio Lighting ,Large-Format ,Typology ,Medium-Format ,Color Film
    influence
    Deadpan Aesthetic ,Straight Photography
    period
    2000s ,2010s
    location
    Argentina ,Bahrain ,Bangladesh ,Brazil ,Cuba ,Ethiopia ,Germany ,Hungary ,Japan ,Netherlands ,Nigeria ,Peru ,Qatar ,Russia ,Saudi Arabia ,Spain ,Switzerland ,Taiwan ,United Kingdom ,United States ,Yemen

    Credits: A limited image selection is reproduced for analysis, commentary, and research under Article 24(1)(3) of the Bulgarian Copyright and Neighbouring Rights Act. Suggest an Edit

    Classroom Portraits

    • Julian Germain (1962)

    An international typological record of classrooms and their pupils, presented through detailed large-format group portraiture.

    Description

    Classroom Portraits by Julian Germain, made from 2004 to 2015 in British and international schools, portrays children and adolescents within the classrooms where they study. The series began with a 2004 commission to photograph six schools in northeast England, after Germain accompanied his daughter on her first day of school. From 2005, travel and further commissions expanded the archive to more than 450 portraits across over 20 countries.


    By replacing the standardized backdrop of the traditional class photograph with the everyday classroom, Germain examines education as both a shared structure and a locally specific experience. Differences emerge through resources, clothing, religion, politics, popular culture, and classroom organization. The project also addresses memory and growing up, presenting school as a formative environment while directing attention toward the pupils' future adulthood. Teachers remain outside the frame, yet adult authority persists in curricula, buildings, books, furniture, and uniforms.


    This interplay of common structure and local detail organizes the visual language. In color photographs, rows or clusters of pupils face the camera from their ordinary seats while desks, boards, notices, written work, displays, and institutional furnishings remain visible. The framing is frontal, with the camera occupying the teacher's usual position at or just above pupil eye level. Expressions and gestures vary, but Germain prescribes no particular mood.


    Germain entered classrooms during lessons and prepared a large-format camera and added lighting while teaching continued. Near the lesson's end, he adjusted positions only when one pupil obscured another. Exposures of roughly one-quarter to one-half second produced substantial depth of field and required collective stillness. The project moved from film to digital capture and later incorporated classroom films, individual video portraits, and questionnaire-based infographics about pupils' tastes and aspirations.


    Arts Council England issued a 15-portrait portfolio in 2005. A British Council-supported exhibition opened at the National Museum in Sana'a in 2007 and subsequently toured. The 2012 Prestel book Classroom Portraits 2004-2012 accompanied The Future is Ours at the Nederlands Fotomuseum in Rotterdam, followed by presentations in Paris, Frankfurt, Madrid, and other cities. Towner Art Gallery surveyed the work through 2015 in an expanded installation. In 2023, the Nederlands Fotomuseum acquired 19 prints and four films. The book appeared among Popular Photography/American Photo's 2012 Books of the Year, and education research has since used the photographs to prompt reflection on school systems and cultural difference.

    Behind the work

    Germain usually stayed for an entire lesson, introducing the project while teaching continued and setting up his camera and lights before stopping the class roughly fifteen minutes from the end to make the portrait.

    The exposures lasted about one-quarter to one-half second, so every pupil had to remain still. Germain found the process especially difficult with three- and four-year-olds. On film he normally made only two to four exposures. After switching to digital he made around ten, the limit of how long pupils could sustain their concentration.

    Access varied sharply by country: Cuba required senior Ministry of Education approval and prohibited questionnaires, some Middle Eastern restrictions prevented Germain from photographing girls, and a Japanese headteacher worried that a parent had not been contacted.

    Germain returned completed photographs to the schools by email or post; on some occasions, he sent enough copies for every child to have one.

    Germain chose not to photograph private schools because he considered their pupil populations too socially homogeneous, preferring schools where children from different religious, physical, and social circumstances mixed.

    Quotes by the photographer

    "Schools are instantly recognisable institutions wherever you are in the world… We all went to school. It’s an experience we share that evokes all kinds of feelings and memories, and of course it’s not just about education but about growing up."

    "Considering the importance of school, it seemed strange to me that the subject was so rarely dealt with as a theme in visual art. Accordingly, I began making these large format portraits of classes of schoolchildren in their classrooms."

    "There is not a message. I am not making judgements. I am a photographic artist making detailed photographic documents."

    Tags and context
    genre
    Portrait ,Documentary ,Conceptual
    theme
    Education ,Children ,Youth ,Global Perspective ,Interiors ,Cultural Identity ,Everyday Life ,Collective Memory ,Inequality
    technique
    Frontal Composition ,Deep Focus ,Long Exposure ,Detailed Focus ,Environmental Framing ,Collaborative Portraiture ,Studio Lighting ,Large-Format ,Typology ,Medium-Format ,Color Film
    influence
    Deadpan Aesthetic ,Straight Photography
    period
    2000s ,2010s
    location
    Argentina ,Bahrain ,Bangladesh ,Brazil ,Cuba ,Ethiopia ,Germany ,Hungary ,Japan ,Netherlands ,Nigeria ,Peru ,Qatar ,Russia ,Saudi Arabia ,Spain ,Switzerland ,Taiwan ,United Kingdom ,United States ,Yemen

    Credits: A limited image selection is reproduced for analysis, commentary, and research under Article 24(1)(3) of the Bulgarian Copyright and Neighbouring Rights Act. Suggest an Edit

    Nengurahat Fazil Madrasah, Nengurahat, Monirampur, Bangladesh. Grade 3, Art, 2009
    Kuramo Junior College, Victoria Island, Lagos, Nigeria. Basic 7 (Junior Secondary Level 1), Mathematics, 2009
    Colegio María Immaculada, Madrid, Spain. Year 2 Primary, Mathematics (Symmetry), 2008
    Omar Bin Alkhabab Science Secondary School for Boys, Doha, Qatar. 10th Grade, Religion, 2007
    Saar Secondary School for Girls, Saar, Bahrain. Grade 11, Islamic, 2007
    Kulliyatu Turasul Islamic Secondary School, Kano, Nigeria. Junior Islamic Secondary, Level 1, Islamic. June 26th, 2009
    Avant Public Elementary School, Avant, Oklahoma, USA. Grade 4 and 5, Social Studies, 2006
    Surovi School, Dhanmondi, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Year 6, Examination, July 9th, 2009
    Escola Estadual Francisca Josima, Serra do Cipó, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Series 7, Geography, 2005
    Deneside Infants School, Seaham, County Durham, UK. Reception and Year 1 (Mixed Group), Structured Play, 2004

    Books

    upscaled cover image undefined
    Classroom Portraits 2004–2012
    • Prestel, 2012

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